Angina is a heart-related issue typically characterized by chest pain or discomfort. It can often be overlooked or dismissed as something less serious, however, it requires immediate attention. Angina can be a warning sign of a heart attack or an indication that something is wrong with the heart. Recognizing the causes and early signs can help one seek timely treatment. So, here is a look at key facts about angina:
What is angina?
Angina is chest pain or discomfort brought on by insufficient blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart muscle. Angina is usually caused by coronary artery disease, a narrowing of the arteries that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. Although angina is not a heart attack, it can be a warning sign of one. The severity of chest pain can vary from mild to severe and can last anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes.
Types of angina
Stable angina: This is the most common type and is often triggered by physical activity or stress. It usually lasts a few minutes and can be relieved by rest.
Unstable angina: This is a severe type that develops with a sudden increase in the severity and frequency of chest pain. It can be a sign of a heart attack and requires immediate medical attention.
Variant angina: This is a type of chest pain caused by spasms in the coronary arteries. This type of angina typically develops during rest and can last several minutes, which can be relieved with supplements.
Microvascular angina: Angina is a form of chest pain caused by small blood vessel disease in the heart. This type can develop during exercise and is usually described as a burning or tight sensation in the chest.
By understanding the different types of angina, one can better recognize the symptoms and seek prompt care and treatment. If experiencing any chest discomfort or pain, one must consult a doctor immediately.
Signs
Angina itself is a symptom related to heart disease. It is characterized by chest pain or discomfort when the heart muscle does not get enough oxygen-rich blood. While angina is usually temporary, it can be a warning sign of a more severe condition. Knowing the symptoms of angina can help one seek medical attention as soon as they experience any. Here are a few symptoms one may experience:
- Chest pain or tightness, which can come and go
- Pain or tightness radiating to the arms, shoulders, neck, jaw, or back
- Shortness of breath
- Cold sweats
Causes
While angina is not typically life-threatening, it should not be ignored and can be a sign of a heart condition. The following are some of the potential causes of angina:
Atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis is a buildup of cholesterol and other fatty deposits in the artery walls, which can lead to narrowed or blocked arteries.
Heart attack: A heart attack occurs when an artery becomes blocked, and the organ is unable to receive enough oxygen-rich blood.
Spasms of the coronary arteries: Here, the coronary arteries can suddenly spasm and reduce or block blood flow to the heart.
Emotional stress: Emotional stress can cause the heart to work harder and may lead to angina.
Overuse of stimulants: Stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine can increase heart rate and strain the heart.
Treatments
An angina attack can be managed with the help of treatment, the goal of which is to relieve pain and discomfort, improve the quality of life, and reduce the risk of further complications. Treatment options for angina can include lifestyle changes, supplements, and surgeries. Here are a few ways to manage angina and prevent it from worsening:
- A heart-healthy food regimen low in saturated fats and sodium
- Regular physical activity
- A healthy body mass
- Stress management
- Prescriptions or supplements to prevent blood clots and lower cholesterol
- Procedures like coronary angioplasty and stenting to open narrowed or blocked arteries
- Bypass surgery to reroute blood flow around blocked areas
Talking to a doctor about the best treatment plan for angina is essential. One should not ignore any signs or symptoms of angina, as they could indicate an underlying heart condition. With treatment, many people who have experienced angina can lead full and active lives and prevent further complications.
