Psoriasis is a long-lasting skin condition that develops when the immune system attacks the body instead of protecting it. One of the most common types of psoriasis is scalp psoriasis, which can affect the hairline, forehead, back of the neck, and even the skin in and around the ears. More than 50 percent of people living with psoriasis are diagnosed with scalp psoriasis. The condition can make daily living quite stressful.

So, it’s crucial to be informed about different aspects of the disease, including how to manage it.

Symptoms
Scalp psoriasis can look different in different individuals. The symptoms can range from mild to severe and can include raised, reddish patches, flaky sink that resembles dandruff, extremely itchy scalp, a burning sensation or soreness on the scalp, and bleeding or temporary hair loss due to scratching.

These symptoms can extend beyond the scalp and affect the neck, ears, forehead, and other areas of the face. If not treated, scalp psoriasis can lead to psoriatic arthritis, characterized by pain, stiffness, and swelling of the joints.

Causes and risk factors
Scalp psoriasis occurs when the immune system overreacts, causing the body to produce too many skin cells. However, researchers don’t fully understand yet what exactly makes the immune system behave in this way. Researchers believe scalp psoriasis runs in the family, but the genes that contribute to the condition haven’t been identified yet. Several factors also seem to play a role in the formation of scalp psoriasis. These include cold, dry weather, skin injury, infections, such as strep throat or bronchitis, psychological stress, a sedentary lifestyle, obesity or being overweight, and gluten sensitivity and nutritional deficiencies

Treatment
There’s no known cure for scalp psoriasis currently. However, several treatment options can help reduce the severity of the condition. One popular option is over-the-counter topical treatments, especially those containing ingredients like coal tar and salicylic acid. While coal tar has anti-inflammatory properties, salicylic acid can help reduce scaling and allow other topical treatments to work more effectively. Topical treatments typically come in the form of shampoos, liquids, and foam.

Another treatment option is light therapy or phototherapy, which involves exposing the affected area to ultraviolet B (UVB) light. This is typically done with the help of a special tool that looks like a laser or a comb. Phototherapy is one of the most effective treatment options for psoriatic arthritis. The procedure is done two to three times per week and can have side effects such as mild sunburn, stinging or itching sensation, blisters, and increased risk of skin cancer.

Home remedies
In addition to medical treatments, certain home remedies can also help provide relief from scalp psoriasis. These include the following:

• Aloe vera
  The gel from aloe vera leaves can soothe itchiness and irritation while keeping the skin hydrated. Apply aloe vera gel to the scalp two to three times per day.
• Apple cider vinegar
  Organic apple cider vinegar may reduce itchiness. However, make sure to dilute it with equal parts of water before applying.
• Turmeric
  Thanks to curcumin, the primary active ingredient in turmeric, this yellow spice can reduce the severity of scalp psoriasis. It works by both consuming or applying topically.
• Coconut oil
  This oil has antibacterial properties and helps decrease inflammation. Plus, it keeps the skin hydrated.
• Baking soda
  Baking soda can quickly relieve itchy scalp. Make a paste using two teaspoons of baking soda with little water and apply it gently to the affected area. Leave it on for about ten minutes.

Foods to eat and avoid
When it comes to scalp psoriasis, the choice of foods matters. Certain foods can increase or decrease inflammation in the body, which in turn affects the conditions. Here are some to eat and avoid.

• Eat – Salmon
  This fatty fish is rich in inflammation-fighting omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy type of fats.
• Avoid – Red meat
  Red meat like beef and pork is high in saturated fat and omega-6s, which can increase inflammation.
• Eat – Spinach
  This nutrient-dense leafy green is packed with antioxidants and other nutrients that can lower inflammation.
• Avoid – White bread
  Refined carbohydrates like white bread are devoid of vital nutrients and full of sugar, which can promote inflammation.
• Eat – Berries
  All types of berries— blueberries, strawberries, blackberries—are loaded with antioxidants that can help combat inflammation.
• Avoid – Dairy
  Dairy products may trigger inflammation in people with scalp psoriasis who also have lactose intolerance.