Bronchitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the airways in the lungs that deliver oxygen. This inflammation results in increased mucus production and causes difficulty in breathing. It can also cause wheezing, a mild fever, and chest discomfort. This condition is frequently caused by the same viruses that cause colds and flu. These viruses spread through the air when people cough or through direct contact, such as using unwashed hands.
Here are several causes, symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments for bronchitis.
Cause of bronchitis
Bronchitis is mainly caused by a viral infection. This type of viral infection is responsible for the flu and colds. It can also occur because of a bacterial infection or from inhaling physical or chemical irritants. Examples include dust, allergies, and overpowering odors, such as those given off by chemical cleaning agents.
It can develop due to the common cold or other viral upper respiratory illnesses. It can also easily affect people who suffer from chronic sinusitis, allergies, or swollen tonsils and adenoids. Bronchitis can occasionally progress to pneumonia. Dust, toxic gases, and air pollution at work or in the surrounding area can all worsen the condition.
Symptoms of acute bronchitis
This condition causes a cold, a minor headache, and body aches. Although these issues are usually resolved within a week, a bronchitis cough can last several weeks and be uncomfortable. Other symptoms of this illness include coughing with or without mucus, chest pain, exhaustion, and a sore throat that can last up to three weeks. Several severe changes, such as coughing for more than three weeks, difficulty sleeping, a high fever, discolored mucus, or bleeding, should be reported to a doctor immediately.
Diagnosis of acute bronchitis
A medical history and physical exam are frequently used to diagnose acute bronchitis. More tests are performed to rule out other conditions, such as pneumonia or asthma, and can be verified using the following tests:
Chest X-ray: This test uses invisible radiation beams to create images of inside tissues, bones, organs, and lungs to diagnose the problem.
Arterial blood gas: This blood test examines oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.
A pulse oximeter: An oximeter is a small device that measures the amount of oxygen in the blood. To measure this, a tiny sensor is taped or clipped to a finger or toe. The sensor releases a tiny red light when the machine is turned on.
Nasal discharge and sputum cultures: For this test, sputum or cough from the mouth is collected on a swab, and it is subjected to several tests to identify the infection’s root cause.
Pulmonary function tests: These tests help determine the ability of the lungs to transport air in and out of the lungs. It is done by breathing into a special machine that evaluates the functional capability of the lung.
Treatment for acute bronchitis
This illness typically produces minor symptoms and resolves on its own, returning the body to its natural state. The viruses that cause bronchitis are resistant to antibiotics, so they are not frequently used to treat the condition. Antibiotics might be required if this worsens into a more serious condition like pneumonia. However, some symptoms can be managed with the help of painkillers, humidifiers, more water intake, and fever reducers.
Home remedies for acute bronchitis
Steam inhalation: Inhaling steam can help release mucus secretions in the lungs. This can be done by taking a hot shower or bending over a bowl of boiling water, covering the head with a towel, and breathing in the steam. It should be done 2-3 times per day for quick recovery.
Essential oils: Eucalyptus oil can be used to treat colds and the flu and block noses by adding a few drops to a bowl of steaming water. Tea tree oil, thyme oil, and peppermint oil are other essential oils that may help relieve the symptoms of respiratory illnesses. Most essential oils should be diluted before use, and only 1-2 spoons should be used as they can be overpowering.
Humidifier: Placing a humidifier in the bedroom can help keep the air moist. This can aid in sputum loosening and provide relief from coughing and breathing difficulties. Cleaning the humidifier regularly is also essential to avoid mold and bacteria buildup.
Nasal spray: Use a saline nasal spray or neti pot to rinse the nose and sinuses twice a day to help release heavy mucus and open clogged nasal passages to improve breathing.
Exercise: Exercise strengthens the immune system and slows the spread of disease. It also helps with respiratory clearance. Any light workout, such as yoga or walking, can help one feel better and more energetic and aid in recovery.
